Filling Vacancies in the US Senate

Senate seats become vacant for a variety of reasons — the Senator dies in office, resigns in disgrace or resigns to assume another position, usually, an elected or appointed government position. What happens when a Senator dies in office or resigns? How is the replacement handled? Procedures for electing Senators are outlined in Article I, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, as later amended by paragraph 2 of the Seventeenth (17th) Amendment. Ratified in 1913, the 17th Amendment not only changed how Senators are to be elected (direct election by popular vote) but it also outlined how Senate vacancies are to be filled: When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct. What Does This Mean in Practice? The U.S. Constitution grants the state legislatures the power to determine how U.S. Senators are to be replaced, including empowering the chief executive (the governor) to make these appointments. Some states require a special election to fill a vacancy. A few states require the governor to appoint a replacement of the same political party as the previous incumbent. Typically, a replacement holds office until the next scheduled statewide election. From the Congressional Research Service: Prevailing practice is for state governors to fill Senate vacancies by appointment, with the appointee serving until a special election has been held, at which time the appointment expires immediately. In the event a seat becomes vacant between the time of a general election and the expiration of the term, however, the appointee usually serves the balance of the term, until the next regularly scheduled general election. This practice originated with the constitutional provision that applied prior to the popular election of senators, under which governors were directed to make temporary appointments when state legislatures were in recess. It was intended to ensure continuity in a state’s Senate representation during the lengthy intervals between state legislative sessions. Exceptions or Where Governors Do Not Have Unlimited Powers Alaska, Oregon, and Wisconsin do not allow the governor to make interim appointments; state laws require a special election to fill any Senate vacancy. Oklahoma also requires that Senate vacancies be filled by special elections, with an exception. If the vacancy occurs after March 1 of any even-numbered year and the term expires the following year, no special election is held; rather, the governor is required to appoint the candidate elected in the regular general election to fill the unexpired term. Arizona and Hawaii require the governor to fill Senate vacancies with a person affiliated with the same political party as the previous incumbent. Utah and Wyoming require the governor to select an interim senator from a list of three candidates proposed by the state central committee of the political party with which the previous incumbent was affiliated. In the event of a Senator’s death, his or her staff continue to be compensated for a period not exceeding 60 days (unless the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration determines that more time is needed to complete the closing of the office), performing duties under the direction of the Secretary of the Senate.

A reflection of Odysseus and Modern Day Heroes The...

Written about two thousand and seven hundred years earlier, the Odyssey is still influencing modern storytelling today. Odysseus, the legendary Greek king of Ithaca and protagonist of Homers epic poem the Odyssey was recognized as a great hero of his time. He was known for his defining qualities of superior strength and athleticism, sharp intellect, sensual ness, and a thirst for glory. These character traits are still being used to attribute modern day fictional heroes such as Neo, Captain Jack Sparrow, James Bond, and Spiderman. Accordingly, the heroic qualities of Odysseus can be still be seen in todays modern day fictional heroes. Odysseuss superior strength and athleticism resembles to modern day character of Neo in The Matrix. In†¦show more content†¦Both Sparrow and Odysseus use this type of sharp cunning intellect to get what they need. Odysseus also shares his trait of sensual ness to women with the modern day hero of James Bond. There were numerous occasions where Odysseus came across a beautiful woman and lived a luxurious life with her before continuing his journey home. Three such examples were Calypso, Nausicaa, and Circe. With Circe in particular, Circe turned all of Odysseus crew into swine, but he was able to resist her powers, which caused her to fall in love with him. Odysseus then decided to spend a year of luxury on her island as her lover. Odysseus said, We sat there feasting on unlimited meat and sweet wine. But when the sun went down and the sacred darkness came over†¦ but I, mounting the surpassingly beautiful bed of Circe, clasped her by the knees and entreated her (Homer, 164). Odysseus enjoyed his luxurious life with Circe in an exotic land, but only to a point. Eventually, he decided to focus on the greater task at hand and return home to Ithaca. James Bond possesses this same trait of sens ual ness towards women throughout all of the bond films. In just about every film, Bond comes across a beautiful female that he ends up spending an intimate time with before going off to save the world. In Casino Royal, Bond enters a relationship with Solange. Solange says to Bond, What is it about bad men? You... my husband. I had so many chances to be happy, so many niceShow MoreRelatedThe Aeneid And The Odyssey1547 Words   |  7 PagesAeneid and The Odyssey The Aeneid and The Odyssey are two of the most famous poems written in their time. While there are other poems that are also notable, these two poems are well known for showing strong battles between mythical creatures and strong heroes. Homer and Virgil have written incredible poems that have stood the test of time. The depth of their vision was beyond their time and is still used around the world thousands of years later to show honest, loyal, strong heroes. The Aeneid andRead MoreSimilarities Between Achilles And Odysseus1110 Words   |  5 PagesAchilles and Odysseus in Homer’s, Iliad and Odyssey) Humanity has always strived for greatness, and is destined to continue this attempt till the world stops spinning. Through the art of storytelling, and literature, we have weaved images of what the ideal human should be. Countless works of literature depict such humans as â€Å"heroes†, due to the inspiration they stir within our imperfect souls. Truly epic heroes shape future stories, and remain influential despite the weathering of time. Two heroes of epicRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey1533 Words   |  7 Pages From the very beginning, Homer shows his intention for themes of The Odyssey to be applicable in the modern age and essentially â€Å"sing for our time† (I, 12). Homer’s epic provides the ideal reflection upon the very definition of heroism because it details the strenuous journey of Odysseus, a crafty hero whose key priority is to return home to his family. As one of the most prominent themes, The Odyssey carries forth the idea of heroism th rough the portrayal of Odysseus, and establishes a connectionRead MoreTennyson vs Homer Ulysses Vs Oddyseus1667 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough Ulysses and Odysseus share similar traits, Homer would not agree with Tennyson s portrayal of Odysseus in the poem Ulysses. Whereas Odysseus wishes to complete his journey and find relief, Ulysses seeks to continue on a never-ending one. Homer s Odyssey and Tennyson s Ulysses have different desires and their desires lead them on contrasting quests. The hero in Homer s depicts Odysseus as a hero in the process of completing a journey home. The portrayal of Ulysses is a hero thatRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave1849 Words   |  8 Pagesand fortune. Ready to see his wife, Penelope, and son, Telemachus, the meritorious warrior Odysseus, the protagonist of Homer’s The Odyssey, sets out for Ithaca. Yet, his victorious adventure goes awry on his journey home and he must conquer 20 years of the gods’ wrath, vicious creatures, oddly hospitable hosts, and conniving suitors before he can finally have his peace. Flash forward and enter modern-day New York City, the home of Andrea â€Å"Andy† Sachs, Northwestern graduate, aspiring journalist,Read MoreAnalysis Of The Odyssey 3033 Words   |  13 PagesBrother Pearce FDCA 206 5 November 2014 The Odyssey The Odyssey is one of the earliest epics that exists but is still a highly revered and relevant piece of literature in modern culture. This classic survives because the entire tale of Odysseus’ adventure is symbolic of our human lives and experiences—it is life mythologized. Not only does The Odyssey highlight the heroic and triumphant side of the characters, but it also emphasizes the struggle between heroes’ ethos and their human failings. In essenceRead MoreSimilarities Between The Trojan War And The Journey Of Odysseus1837 Words   |  8 Pagesancient times, mankind has been enamored with the myths of Homer, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey. Two tales among these, one being the Trojan War and the other being the journey of Odysseus, have fascinated many modern scholars and archaeologists. What qualities of these tales have led so many to present their own vision and rationale of the setting, ignition, and conclusion of such events? Can one even claim the Trojan War and the Odyssey are true occurrences and characters, after considering theRead MoreGreek Mythology s Influence On The Arts And Literature Of Western Civilization2652 Words   |  11 PagesThe stories of the ancient Greeks about their gods, heroes, and explanations of the nature and history of the universe are known as Greek mythology. These stories, or myths, have survived for more than 2,000 years. Greek mythology has had an extensive influence on the arts and literature of Western civilization, which inherited much of Greek culture. Like the myths of many other cultures, those of ancient Greece tell how the world was created and help explain why things happen. The ancient Greeks

Leadership Theories And Qualities Of Leadership - 1537 Words

Effective leadership is essential to the overall success of any organization. Leadership attributes or qualities and leadership theories have been studied by a variety of fields including business, healthcare, finance, political science, psychology, and more. There seems to be a paradigm shift in leadership theories and qualities that is focusing on the relationship of the leader to his or her subordinates as well as the population they are serving. Parris and Peachey state â€Å"leadership is a skill used to influence followers in an organization to work enthusiastically towards goals specifically identified for the common good† (Parris Peachey, 2013, p. 377). The paradigm shift is occurring secondary to the public downfall in recent years†¦show more content†¦The Great Man Theory describes the leader as being born with the necessary characteristics to lead an organization (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Trait Theory expanded on the Great Man Theory stating leaders wh o are born with the characteristics or traits to be a great leader will help them excel as leaders (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Behavioral theories focus on the leader’s behaviors and not their characteristics (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Contingency theories state leadership styles vary based on the environment or situation (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Transactional leadership theories focus on the transaction between leaders and their followers (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Transformational leadership theories focus on the relationship of the leader and their followers and how that relationship impacts the organization (Leadership Theories, n.d.). Servant leadership and transformational leadership are two of the leadership theories being studied as part of the paradigm shift in leadership models. While servant leadership and transformational leadership have many similarities, they also have key differences. Stone, Russell, Patterson describe the difference as â€Å"the transformational leader’s

`` Friends With Benefits `` Vs. `` Blended `` Romantic...

â€Å"Friends with Benefits† vs. â€Å"Blended†: Romantic Comedies Several people believe women prefer romantic comedies, than action movies, but I could not find statistical researches about the topic. The truth is that the majority of my girlfriends voted for romantic comedies, because these movies invigorate love, trust, inspiration, and above all, happiness instead of sadness. Romantic movies are classic, kissing, love at first sight, heartbreaking love; however, romantic comedies added the art of laughter, transforming romantic movies into attractive, and relaxing movies. It is a pleasure to watch romantic movies; therefore, difficult to decide which one is my favorite. Recently, two of the movies I loved to watch were, â€Å"Friends with Benefits†, and â€Å"Blended†. In my opinion, both are amazing in its genre, romantic comedy, and captured the viewer’s laugh; nevertheless, the differences in the story plot, and character’s roles, are the causes for the opinions received from spectators, critics and myself. First, the differences, the story plot is essential to produce eye-catching movies, audiences has diverse preferences, even in the same issue. Nowadays, the movies tend to represent the reality of the relationships, more than the ideals relationships, which is typical in romantic movies. In the movie Friends with Benefits, an open mind relationship is the initial motor for Jamie Rellis (Mila Kunis), and Dylan Harper (Justin Timberlake). Jamie is a New York executive recruiter, herShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesOrienting, and Developing Employees 182 Managing Careers 208 PART 5 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 MAINTAINING HIGH PERFORMANCE Establishing the Performance Management System 230 Establishing Rewards and Pay Plans 260 Employee Benefits 286 Ensuring a Safe and Healthy Work Environment 312 PART 6 Chapter 14 LABOR–MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTS Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining 340 Endnotes 367 Glossary 389 Company Index 395 Subject Index 398 v Contents Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPrograms and Motivation Theories 252 Using Rewards to Motivate Employees 252 What to Pay: Establishing a Pay Structure 252 †¢ How to Pay: Rewarding Individual Employees Through Variable-Pay Programs 253 †¢ Flexible xii CONTENTS Benefits: Developing a Benefits Package 257 †¢ Intrinsic Rewards: Employee Recognition Programs 259 Summary and Implications for Managers 261 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Job’s Motivating Potential? 240 Myth or Science? â€Å"CEO Pay Can’t Be Measured†Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesTable 9.1 Table 9.2 Table 9.3 Table 10.1 Table 10.2 Knowledge constituting philosophical assumptions Hierarchy of science and organization theory Fatalism and optimism in the ‘new’ modernist organization Bell’s stages of societal development Fordism vs. post-fordism The incidence of part-time work in European Union member states Modernism versus postmodernism Affirmative versus sceptical postmodernism The changing condition of knowledge Pay and profits: Long run performance of FTSE 100 companies (2002

Nursing Sociology How Class Affects Health Free Essays

Inequalities in health between social groups have long been a dominant feature of British Society. Evidence suggests that people in the lower social scale suffer from ill health more than the middle and upper classes. This essay aims to address the reasons for this trend by primarily looking at evidence found in the Black Report, Acheson Report and the Marmot Review and by evaluating the explanations given to support the evidence. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Sociology : How Class Affects Health or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of social class is wide ranging – people can move between classes or have character/ occupational traits that cross more than one class. (Giddens, 2001: p282) described Social Class as ‘A large scale grouping of people who share common resources which strongly influence the type of lifestyle they are able to lead. ’ Government statisticians have measured Social Class using the ‘Registrar General’s Social Class’ (RGSC) scale.First used in Britain in 1911, the census divided people into six social classes based on the occupation of the head of household; Men were allocated on basis of their occupation, Married/cohabiting women on basis of their partner’s occupation, Children on basis of their father’s occupation and Single women on basis of their own occupation. Following the 2001 census the scale used to measure class changed to the ‘National Statistics Socioeconomic Classification (NS-SEC)’.The change of scale reflected the changing nature of occupations, the growth of middle class professions, the levels of social esteem that these jobs attracted and it ran ked the occupations according to the level of responsibility that the job entailed. The Black Report published in 1980 was a report commissioned by the Labour Government. It used the Registrar General scale as follows; I) Professional II) Managerial/Technical III (NM) Skilled (non-manual) III(M) Skilled (manual) IV) Partly Skilled V) Unskilled VI) OtherTo show the health inequalities of people in Social Class V compared to those in Social Class I. It demonstrated that although the health of the nation had improved since the introduction of the Welfare state, there were still large divides between the social classes, with the people in social class V suffering more from poor health. It is evident from the life expectancy rates that people in Social Class V live shorter lives than that of people higher social classes. The Black Report revealed that class differences are found at birth, childhood, adolescence and in adult life.Average life expectancy is a useful summary of the impact of disadvantages and advantages on a person’s life due to their class. In 1980 a child born to parents in social classes I – II will live on average five years longer than a child born into social classes IV – V. The risk of death during birth and the first month of life in class V was double the risk in class I. In 1977 Babies born into class III(M) had one and a half times more risk of mortality than babies born from parents i n social class I and for every one male infant death in class I there were almost two deaths in class III(M) and four deaths in class V (Table 2). There were more cases of children dying with diseases of the respiratory system and infective parasitic diseases in the lower social classes. See Graph 3 . Adult males and females in class V had one and a half to two times the risk of death than those of the same age group in social class I. From the sample range of 15-64 years from when the Black report was compiled, people in the earlier ages had the greatest mortality rate within the different classes as Table 4 indicates.The premature deaths in Britain was systematically linked to socio-economic class, it was a trend that was not new or unusual when the report was commissioned and is still a factor in today’s society. The Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health Report (also known as the Acheson Report), was a report published in 1998 by the Labour Government. The Acheson Report reiterated the evidence found in its predecessor the Black Report, that there are considerable disparities between health and the social cl asses. The Acheson report also used the Registrar General Scale to support its findings, although the report did take note of the level of education, the residential area and the ability to own assets as a factor of defining social class. The Acheson report found that death rates had fallen between the years 1978-1998, but the differences among the top and bottom scale had widened. For People in the lower social classes, mortality rates were three times higher in 1990’s than they were in the 1970’s. See table 5. This is due to a significant decline in the higher social classes mortality rate than in the lower classes.Premature Mortality (death before the age of 65) was considerably higher for those in social class V, Heart Disease was the prominent reason for premature death. See table 6. A link to such a large percentage of people dying due to heart disease could be linked to the problem of obesity within the lower classes. Although life expectancy had risen and people were living longer, they were not necessarily living healthier lives. In 2010 the Government ordered ‘Fair Society, Healthy Lives’ (The Marmot Review) The report used the NS-SEC method of gauging social class.In England the report discovered that people living in the poorest areas were on average more likely to die seven years younger than those living in the wealthier neighbourhoods. See graph seven. More worryingly the report found that there is still a problem that was addressed in the Acheson report 13 years previously – that people in the lower social classes and living in poor areas have a greater level of living a life with a disability, some 17 years more than in the wealthier classes and regions.To summarise, people not only die sooner in the lower classes, they also spend their shorter life with a disability. The Marmot Review explained the disparity as ‘Differences in health do not arise by chance, and they cannot be attributed simply to genetic makeup, ‘bad’ behaviour, or difficulties in access to medical care, important as these factors may be. Social and economic differences in health status reflect, and are caused by, social and economic inequalities in society.The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH), set up by the World Health Organisation, concluded that social inequalities in health arise because of inequalities in the conditions of daily life – the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age – and the fundamental drivers that give rise to them: inequities in power, money and resources. There are four main explanations as to why socio economic status affects health so greatly. One reason is Measuring Artefact (Townsend and Davidson, 1982: 154) both class and health are artefacts of the measuring process, and ny obs erved relationship must also be an artefact. Variations in diagnosis, certification, classification and coding processes have been identified as contributing to observed health relationships (Bloor et al. , 1987). Class related health differences are merely the result of the biases involved in the measurement and recording of the data obtained in the reports. Further reports such as the Acheson Report have rejected this explanation as the evidence was deemed to be consistent and used long ranging data to back up the claims made. Another explanation is the Natural / Social Selection.This perspective argues that health status can influence social position. It is suggested that those who are healthy are more likely to be upwardly mobile and those who are unhealthy are more likely to drift into the lower social classes (Nettleton 2006, p182) In other words it’s ill health that causes people to lead a life of poverty – people cannot hold down a full time job if they have a chronic medical condition that leads to them needing to take time off work sick, therefore it’s not poverty itself that’s the cause of a person’s ill health, rather ill health causing poverty.H owever, most health problems emerge when people enter adulthood often after commencing full time education and career choices have been made making this hypothesis less likely. Cultural explanations suggest that the lower social classes prefer a less healthy lifestyle. (Nettleton 2006, p 183)They eat more foods that are high in fat, smoke more and take less exercise than the upper and middle classes. (Our Healthier nation, 1998) commented that a sense of control over life and having optimism for the future is good for health.However people in the lower classes may have an underdeveloped locus of self control; their fate starts and ends with the life chances they were born with. ‘Those who are more deprived in society will, because of their position relative to others, experience more depression and anxiety which, in turn, may be associated with lower levels of well being and poorer health (Graham. E, et al 2000, p 177). Leading to a feeling of hopelessness at the hand they were dealt with in life, low income, deprivation and social exclusion all influence smoking levels.It’s harder to stop smoking when worrying about making ends meet (Our Healthier Nation, 1998, p 16) this creates a self fulfilling prophecy which in turns leads to a l ife of deprivation and ill health. The Materialistic explanation blames living in poverty as the reason for ill health. ‘Those on low incomes, live in poorer housing conditions, in more polluted areas with fewer facilities, can afford less of many of the more palatable forms of healthy food and are often employed in the most heavy and hazardous industries (Blane et al. 998). Poor housing conditions, lack of resources, higher risk occupations, limited access to transport links all impact negatively on health. Although this reason isn’t the answer for all the ill health in society (some conditions are more prevalent in the upper classes, such as prostate cancer) there is little dispute that the poorest regions of Britain have the worst cases of ill health and mortality. It is evident that Social class is made up of variables, such as; occupation, education, social status, background and wealth.Each person in society has their own history and it would be naive and stereotypical to say that every person in a lower social class smokes, eats badly and doesn’t take any exercise. Similarly, not every person in the upper classes lives a life without becoming ill at any time. All of these factors can influence a person’s health and lifestyle choices. It is hard to over look the evidence, coupled with the material explanation, that people will have a shorter life, more prone to ill health than that of the wealthier, elevated social classes. How to cite Nursing Sociology : How Class Affects Health, Papers

Study of Poetry and A Poets Ability to Forsee The Future The world is changing and evolving at an astounding rate Essay Example For Students

Study of Poetry and A Poets Ability to Forsee The Future The world is changing and evolving at an astounding rate Essay The world is changing and evolving at an astounding rate. Within the last one hundred years, the Western community has seen advances in technology and medicine that has improved the lifestyles and longevity of almost every individual. Within the last two hundred years, we have seen two World Wars, and countless disputes over false borders created by colonialists, slavery, and every horrid form of human suffering imaginable! Human lifestyles and cultures are changing every minute. While our grandparents and ancestors were growing-up, do you think that they ever imagined the world we live in today? What is to come is almost inconceivable to us now. In this world, the only thing we can be sure of is that everything will change. With all of these transformations happening, it is a wonder that a great poet may write words over one hundred years ago, that are still relevant in todays modern world. It is also remarkable that their written words can tell us more about our present, than they did about our past. Is it just an illusion that our world is evolving, or do these great poets have the power to see into the future? In this brief essay, I will investigate the immortal characteristics of poetry written between 1794 and 1919. And, I will show that these classical poems can actually hold more relevance today, than they did in the year they were written. Along the way, we will pay close attention to the style of the poetry, and the strength of words and symbols used to intensify the poets revelations. The World Is Too Much with Us, written by William Wordsworth in 1807 is a warning to his generation, that they are losing sight of what is truly important in this world: nature and God. To some, they are one in the same. As if lacking appreciation for the natural gifts of God is not sin enough, we add to it the insult of pride for our rape of His land. Wordsworth makes this poetic message immortal with his powerful and emotional words. Let us study his powerful style: The world is too much with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers: Little we see in Nature that is ours; We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon! Lines 1 4 Materialism, wasteful selfishness, prostitution! These are the images that these lines bring to me! Yet, is it not more true today than in Wordsworths time, that we are a culture of people who simply consume and waste? The third line awakens me, and says that I have been raised with the mentality that I am not a part of nature, and that I do not identify my needs with those of natures needs. This mentality may have been quite true in 1807, but it is surely more true in 1996. There is absolute disregard  of nature in the acts of well respected western corporations. Would someone who is in-touch with nature orchestrate the slash and burn of beautiful rain forests of South America, or the life giving jungles of Africa and Asia? Would someone who is in-touch with nature dump chemical waste into waters that are home to billions of plants and animals? These and other abominations have surely increased in the last 189 years since this poem was written. What makes the sin even worse is the fact that men who order this destruction are well respected people in our culture. .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .postImageUrl , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:hover , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:visited , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:active { border:0!important; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:active , .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178 .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uda6d4cfe6e14e012498ee60274b13178:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How appropriate is the term cultural revolution EssayThe winds that will be howling at all hours, And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers; For this, for everything, we are out of tune; It moves us not. Great God! Lines 6 9 Wordsworth gives life to nature in his words, and displays to us natures agony and pain, howling at all hours. But, we listen not! For we are out of tune, and much too important to ourselves, that we may not listen to the wind, rain, land or sea. I do not know which is the greater sin: the pillage of the earths natural beauty, or mans torturous inhumanity toward his fellow man. London, written in 1794, by William Blake is a poem of civilizations decline à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and also the decline of compassion and humanity. I wander thro each charterd street, Near where the charterd Thames does flow, And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe. Lines 1 4 London, a city of millions, with very few who are wealthy enough to own land. In a subtle way, Blake tells us that every inch of London is owned à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the charterd streets, the charterd Thames. It is a reflection of the immaturity of our culture that we allow just 50f the worlds population to control 800f the worlds wealth , leaving most in utter poverty. This is especially true today: the United States frequently dumps excess farm and dairy produce to keep their market price high, rather than share the excess food with the hungry people of the world. During Blakes time, the world was not in such excess as it is today. It seems that in our culture, the more we have, the more we waste. How the Chimney-Sweepers cry Every blackning Church appalls, And the hapless Soldiers sigh Runs in blood down Palace walls. Lines 9 12 Every potent word of these four lines inject emotions of grief, hopelessness, and death: the images of the childs cry, the blackning Church, and blood on Palace walls. The words force us to mourn the decline of Londons society. The history of the child enslavement of chimney sweepers, during Blakes time, was a horrid inhumanity to children. Great Britain and other western nations would like to praise themselves for abolishing this sort of slavery. However, the inhumanity of child enslavement is more true today than in  the seventeen and eighteen hundreds. The sin of enslavement is even more heightened, because neocolonialism and multinational corporations have moved their inhumane business practices to developing countries, where they may take advantage of the desperation and poverty of those areas. In addition, the disturbing images of slavery are hidden from westerners who respect the success of multinational corporations. Yes, Blakes poem is very relevant today. It is difficult to choose among William Butler Yeats most timeless poems, because every one of them has immortal qualities. His poem, The Second Coming, not only embraces eternal relevance and a deep understanding of humanitys history, but also the fruits of prophesy! Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the center cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Lines 1 4 With respect to the two major topics discussed before mans inhumanity and disrespect for nature, this stanza offers much insight into the progression of humanity. The state of decline that was described in poems written over one hundred years ago described a human cultural trend that is to continue on an intensifying cycle, like the widening gyre. Today, we are approaching a state of complete detachment from our origin, our nature and our God: The falcon cannot hear the falconer, as insightfully described by Yeats. This stanza is so very relevant to us, because it symbolically describes every aspect of the progression of humanity! Yeats poetry transcends immortality, and becomes prophetic! His widening gyre symbolizes the climactic end, until anarchy is upon us. Every word of his poem creates a deep fear of humanitys downward spiral. The relevance of poetry is undeniable. As Percy Bysshe Shelley admits, A poem is the very image of life expressed in its eternal truth. It is an eternal truth that can offer wisdom for hundreds of years after the poems birth. A prophet or a mystic may attempt to tell ones future; but, the poet approaches from a very different angle. The poet becomes intimate with the nature of humanity, and its timeless characteristics. .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .postImageUrl , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:hover , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:visited , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:active { border:0!important; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:active , .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6 .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6f04d686056afd19dae3f1b56afe94a6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ever since the discrimination between haves and have-nots was initiated we can't imagine a world without it EssayIn this way, the poet surrounds himself in a divine sort of wisdom. Truly, poetry is immortal. To explore the wisdom and symbolic message of poetry is an exciting journey for me. As a child, I was never introduced to poetry, and certainly never was exposed to its importance. To study the deeper meaning of poetry has been a challenge and an adventure. It has brought my mind to contemplate things to which I have never attached a value, such as my personal connection with nature. I agree with Shelley, that poetry awakens and enlarges the mind itself by rendering it the receptacle of a thousand unapprehended combinations of thought.

Elbow Replacement Device

Question: Discuss about theElbow Replacement Device. Answer: Elbow Replacement Device Design Features The individual prosthesis has got two parts. The humeral component which replaces the humeruss lower end in the arms upper region. The part consists of a stem that is long enough to anchor it in the hollow middle of the humerus. The other component is ulnar which substitutes the ulna's upper-end region in the forearm. The ulnar component consists of a metal stem that is short and helps to anchor the ulna component onto the hollow middle of the ulna(Wendelburg, et al., 2015). The hinge that is in between the humeral component and the ulnar components is made up of a metal and a piece of plastic. The plastic section of the hinge is strong enough to withstand any adverse conditions after the replacement. The part of the hinge is also slick. The plastic part of the hinge allows the smooth sliding of the newly formed joint against one another as the elbow is moved or rotated. The hinge enables the elbow to either bend or straightens with ease. Surgical Considerations Before surgery gets conducted, the doctor may take into account on some particular consideration in the process of a prosthesis. First, the doctor should consider moving the ulna nerve so that it does not get injured during the surgery and replacement exercise. When the total elbow arthroplasty is complete, the doctor returns the ulnar nerve to its original position. Moreover, anatomical considerations should be taken seriously since the prosthesis would involve the humerus, two forearm bones and the four articulations of the elbow joint that have got a greater degree of congruence(Bachman Cil, 2017). In such a case, the doctor shall find that the ulnar nerve usually runs straight through the groove of the humerus and cuts down into the bones medial forearm. Due to this anatomical positions, the doctor should be careful so as to minimize on the entrapment of the ulnar nerve. Anatomically, the ulnar nerve gets subjected to a transient of approximately ten percent or do display a part ial dysfunction at times. The triceps insufficiency usually gets removed virtually through the Kocher lateral-to-medial approach or the approach of the Bryan lateral-to-medial triceps-sparing. Similarly, the doctor and other specialists should take into consideration the factor of pathogenesis. In most instances, elbow arthritis may attack the joint surface destroying it through different ways like through wear and tear, causing injuries or by inflammation. The joint destruction result into the elbow stiffness, feeling of pain and renders it unfunctional or fails to function normally. The common elbow arthritis is known as the Rheumatoid Arthritis which affects the joint surface of the elbow within the five years of attack(Bartel, et al., 2016). Individuals affected by the arthritis experience a lot of pain, elbow stiffness, and reduced functionality of the elbow. Also, the affected individuals have hard moments on sleeping on the arm whose elbow is affected, and they commonly cannot rotate the elbow freely. Another symptom is that when the affected individuals elbow gets moved, he or she feels the grinding effect. The doctor should consider all these factors before undert aking the surgery of the elbow and do a joint replacement. Additionally, epidemiology is another important factor to be considered by the doctor. During the prosthesis, for instance, total elbow arthroplasty which gets usually conducted on the elbow joint surfaces which severely affected by rheumatoid arthritis and on the elbows having fractures of the distal humerus(Henning Teare, 2014). The doctor should have adequate knowledge that occasionally the elbow fractures constitute roughly four percent of total fractures on the patients elbow. The specialist should have knowledge that mostly fractures affects the boys aged between five to ten years. On the contrary, the prosthesis of total elbow arthroplasty gets done in women aged sixty-five years having the distal humerus breakages. Besides, the surgical interventions are quite essential in handling the distal fractures of the humerus in cases where the assessment gets conducted on the type of fracture, what soft tissues is affected, the stability of the joint and the bones integrity. The specialist should consider this factor since the surgical intervention is a usual recommendation for the elbow joints that are severely affected by rheumatoid arthritis(Kane, et al., 2016). Occasionally, the elbow replacement gets conducted so as to restore the functionality of the joint through the removal of the tissue scars, promoting muscles balancing, and doing the joint replacement in cases of a completely affected elbow. Finally, some considerations factored after the surgical process is complete. Some the considerations include the probability of developing an infection after the implantation. Also, the risk for joint dislocation from the original place should get considered too. Lastly, the consideration whether the prosthetic procedure would result in joint loosening or not(Brunelle Weinstein, 2016). Access During the surgical process, the approach of the Bryan-Murray gets applied. An incision, 15cm, which is centered laterally into the medial epicondyle and that of the olecranon tip is made straight. The ulnar nerve gets located first and then moved to have it protected from accidental damage. Immediately after the administration of the anesthetic and preparation of the elbow, an incision which is approximately three inches made above and below the elbow(Khowaylo, et al., 2015). The incision should get done across the medial on the ulnas proximal. The incision which is about three inches above and below the elbow facilitates access to the affected joint without destroying the vital muscles which play a crucial role in the elbows movement. Materials The following biosynthetic materials formed parts of the replacement device; the polymers which would serve as the articulating surfaces and also as the bone cement. Besides, the metals would form stems of artificial components of the humerus and the ulna(Pressacco, et al., 2016). In certain circumstances, the polymer substances get substituted with the stronger ceramic materials. Peripheral Devices Some of the peripheral devices include the humeral and ulnar components, the hinge and bearing. References Wendelburg, K., Tepic, S. and Tepic, I., Kyon Ag, 2015.Elbow joint prosthesis and method for implantation. U.S. Patent 9,023,110. Bachman, D. and Cil, A., 2017. Current concepts in elbow arthroplasty.EFORT Open Reviews,2(4), pp.83-88. Bartel, D.L., Figgie, M.P., Hotchkiss, R.N., Lipman, J.D., Lo, D. and Wright, T.M., New York Society For The Ruptured and Crippled Maintaining The Hospital For Special Surgery, 2016.Elbow replacement apparatus and methods. U.S. Patent 9,358,116. Henning, S. and Teare, L., 2014. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection: an unusual complication of total elbow arthroplasty.JMM Case Reports,1(2). Kane, P.M., Stull, J.D. and Culp, R.W., 2016. Concomitant Total Wrist and Total Elbow Arthroplasty in a Rheumatoid Patient.Journal of wrist surgery,5(02), pp.137-142. Khowaylo, A., Malayter, J., McCarthy, M.P. and Washburn, D., Acuitive Technologies, Inc., 2015.Joint Replacement or Joint Resurfacing Devices, Systems and Methods. U.S. Patent Application 14/737,697. Brunelle, J. and Weinstein, A., Synovis Orthopedic and Woundcare, Inc., 2016.Device for soft tissue repair or replacement. U.S. Patent 9,387,280. Pressacco, M., Del Negro, N., Fattori, A., Hotchkiss, R.N., Figgie, M.P., Wright, T.M., Lipman, J.D. and Lo, D., Limacorporate Spa, 2016.Elbow replacement apparatus and methods. U.S. Patent Application 15/174,533.